As an important ecological security barrier in Northern China, the realization of ecological products value in Inner Mongolia is a core issue for promoting ecological civilization construction and high-quality development. Based on national policy guidance and combined with the characteristics of ecological systems such as grasslands and forests in Inner Mongolia, this paper analyzed the supply status of its material products (grain, livestock, energy), regulatory services (soil and water conservation, air purification), and cultural services (ecological tourism), by establishing an evaluation system including ecological resource support capacity, ecological service value realization capacity, and ecological protection and restoration capacity evaluation system, the entropy weight method was used to determine the weight of indicators, and the multi-index comprehensive evaluation method to assess its capacity level, and the realization path was discussed based on the evaluation results. The study found that：from 2013 to 2023, the comprehensive index of sustainable realization capacity of ecological products value in Inner Mongolia increased from 30.38 to 60.55,at the same time, the ecological resource support capacity index showed a fluctuating downward trend, the ecological products service value realization capacity index fluctuated upward, but the overall score was still low, and the ecological protection and restoration capacity fluctuated greatly due to factors such as geological disasters. Accordingly, it was proposed to improve the top-level system design,establish a systematic ecological products value accounting and property rights trading system; construct an ecological resource protection technology innovation system,optimize the ecological products value transformation path; innovate the ecological restoration technology system break the bottleneck of ecological governance; and establish a long-term incentive mechanism for ecological protection and restoration to promote the sustainable transformation of ecological products value, transforming the ecological advantages of Inner Mongolia into economic advantages through institutional innovation and industrial upgrading, and providing a regional demonstration for the realization of ecological products value in China, especially in the northern ecological barrier area.

The digital transformation of enterprises is of great significance to the high-quality development of the whole industry chain of animal husbandry. Based on the panel data of A-share listed animal husbandry and dairy enterprises from 2012 to 2022, the realization mechanism enabling the growth of animal husbandry enterprises by digital economy was analyzed by using the common panel regression model and the two-step mediation regression model. The results indicated that：digital transformation could significantly promote the growth of animal husbandry enterprises;heterogeneity analysis showed that this effect was more significant in state-owned enterprises than in non-state-owned enterprises, and more significant in central and western regions than in eastern regions;the mechanism test found that the growth of enterprises was mainly promoted by reducing internal control costs and improving production efficiency. Therefore, it is recommended to implement strategies according to classification: non-state-owned enterprises should increase technological investment to enhance digital security and ecological governance capabilities; state-owned enterprises should use digital tools to optimize management and break through the traditional system constraints; enterprises in central and western regions should accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure with policy support; enterprises in eastern region should deepen the application of data platforms and promote business model innovation.

New quality productive forces are an important force in promoting high-quality economic and social development, as well as a key breakthrough in promoting high-quality agricultural development. Based on the theoretical analysis of how new quality productive forces drived and affected high-quality agricultural development, the article calculated the levels of new quality productive forces and high-quality agricultural development in Gansu Province by using panel data of Gansu Province from 2010 to 2023, and further analyzed heterogeneous effect, threshold effect and spatial spillover effect. The results showed that： new quality productive forces was an important driving force for promoting high-quality agricultural development in Gansu Province; the impact of new quality productive forces on promoting agricultural development exhibited regional heterogeneity, with the strongest promoting effect on the Hexi Corridor Economic Zone followed by the Lanzhou-Baiyin Economic Zone, and no significant effect on the Longdongnan Economic Zone; further research found that non-linear characteristics and spatial spillover effects existed in the promotion of high-quality agricultural development in Gansu Province by new quality productive forces. Based on the above research conclusions, countermeasures and suggestions were proposed to drive the development of new quality productive forces through technological innovation, formulating differentiated agricultural industry development strategies, promoting the development of agricultural industry clusters, and establishing a collaborative mechanism for regional agricultural industry development.

The synergistic advancement of agricultural insurance and cultivated land quality protection serves as both a critical pathway for implementing the strategy of storing grain in the land and technology, and an important lever for achieving the green transformation of agriculture. Based on survey data from 2 052 farmers across 10 provinces (autonomous regions,city) in China, this study employed the Oprobit model, propensity score matching method(PSM), and mediation effect model to empirically examine the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’ conservation tillage practices and its underlying mechanisms.The research found that: participation in agricultural insurance incentivized farmers to adopt conservation tillage practices, particularly promoting farmers’ higher-level conservation tillage practices; agricultural insurance enhanced farmers’ inclination toward conservation tillage through the mechanism of increasing agricultural income; the impact of agricultural insurance on farmers’ conservation tillage practices exhibited heterogeneity, with a more significant effect on farmers with higher levels of land concentration and pure agricultural operations. Accordingly, this study recommended expanding the coverage of agricultural insurance, strengthening universal risk protection, innovating agricultural products price and income insurance to establish a long-term income security mechanism, and constructing a differentiated financial subsidy system to enhance the incentive precision of agricultural insurance, so as to achieve a positive interaction between agricultural insurance and farmers’ conservation tillage practices.

Food security is a matter of national livelihood, and an important element of national security. As the main body of grain cultivation, it is of great significance to enhance farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain for ensuring national food security. Based on the survey data of 1 263 farmers in Shaanxi Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, this article utilized the Logit-ISM model to explore the influencing factors of farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain and their internal correlations and hierarchical structure. The results showed that: the factors influencing farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain could be categorized into deep, middle and surface factors. Whether the farmland rights were confirmed, the years of education, and whether farmers had received agricultural training were the deep factors, which influenced the middle indirect factors such as whether to transfer in the farmland or not, whether to transfer out the farmland or not, the sensitivity of the information, and whether to participa in agricultural insurance or not, and acted on the surface factors including the opportunity cost perception of farming, the livelihood strategy, and the ability to get loan from bank, influencing the famers’ enthusiasm for growing grain. Therefore, it is recommended to further consolidate the effects of land ownership, increasing the training intensity for farmers, improving the comparative income of grain cultivation, and increasing the financial support for farmers to grow grain.

Affected by the complex internal and external environment, the development of agricultural economy faces many risks and challenges,enhancing agricultural economic resilience has become a major practical issue in realizing agricultural modernization and building a strong agricultural country. Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the high-quality development of rural finance and the level of agricultural economic resilience in China, this article empirically studied the impact of high-quality development of rural finance on agricultural economic resilience. The study found that：the high-quality development of rural finance could significantly promote agricultural economic resilience, and this positive effect exhibited regional heterogeneity, particularly significant in central provinces and major grain-producing areas. In addition, at present, the positive effect of high-quality rural financial development on agricultural economic resilience mainly depended on quantitative expansion rather than qualitative improvement. Based on these findings, it is recommended to expand the supply of rural financial services, innovate financial products, and better utilize the function of capital flow. At the same time, formulate financial assistance policies tailored to local agricultural development, promote the matching of rural financial supply with the practical needs of high-quality development of rural economic, and enhance the role of high-quality development of rural finance in promoting agricultural economic resilience.

In the new stage of promoting Chinese modernization, the impact of rural population aging on agricultural and rural modernization has become an important issue. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China (excluding Tibet Autonomous Region, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2007 to 2022, this paper constructed an evaluation index system for agricultural and rural modernization from three dimensions: agricultural modernization, rural modernization and farmer modernization, and used the entropy method to measure the development level of agricultural and rural modernization, and empirically examined the impact and internal mechanism of rural population aging on agricultural and rural modernization. The results showed that： rural population aging had a significant positive effect on agricultural and rural modernization, and the conclusion was still valid after a series of robustness tests;rural population aging indirectly promoted agricultural and rural modernization through the transfer of farmland. Additionally, from the three dimensions of agricultural and rural modernization, there was regional heterogeneity in the impact of rural population aging, the rural population aging had the strongest impact on agricultural and rural modernization in major grain-producing regions, whereas its impact was less significant in the production-marketing balance regions and the main marketing regions. Further research found that, the promoting effect of rural population aging on agricultural and rural modernization was further strengthened with the advancement of agricultural and rural modernization level, but it showed a downward trend with the improvement of farmer modernization level. In the future, it is necessary to enhance farmer modernization level to address aging-related challenges; this can be achieved by guiding the orderly farmland transfer, integrating land resources and promoting appropriate agricultural scale operation; based on regional resource endowments, measures should be tailored to local conditions to precisely facilitate the steady development of agricultural and rural modernization.

Under the “Belt and Road” high-quality development initiative, agricultural trade faces new opportunities and challenges. Based on the panel data of China and 55 “Belt and Road” partner countries from 2013 to 2021, this paper constructed a stochastic frontier gravity model to study the influencing factors of export trade efficiency of agricultural products .The results showed that： the partner countries’per capita GDP, population size, trade freedom, China’s per capita GDP and shared linguistic and common borders with China all positively influenced China’s agricultural exports; China’s population size, the distance between capitals, agricultural value-added share in partner countries’ GDP, tariff level and government integrity had negative effects on China’s agricultural exports; the trade efficiency between China and high-income countries was relatively high, except for a decline in 2020, China’s annual trade efficiency remained stable at a moderately low level. Therefore, it is recommended to focus on high-potential markets and optimize regional agricultural product distribution; strengthen geographical indication development to promote trade liberalization and market differentiation; optimize trade strategies to enhance agricultural cooperation level and adaptive capacity.

The high-quality development of agriculture is the key to promoting comprehensive rural revitalization, the agglomeration of agricultural productivity exerts both direct and indirect influences on the high-quality development of agriculture. This paper was aimed to explore the relationship between agglomeration of agricultural productivity, high-quality development of agricultural and industrial structure based on the panel data of 30 provinces, regions and municipalities in China（except Xizang Autonomous Region, HongKong,Macau,and Taiwan） from 2009 to 2020, providing new insights for China’s agricultural development. The empirical results showed that: the agglomeration of agricultural productivity promotes the high-quality development of agriculture. The agglomeration of agricultural productivity could promote the rationalization of industrial structure and accelerate the high-quality development of agriculture; with the advanced industrial structure as the threshold variable, the agglomeration of agricultural productivity had a single threshold effect on the high-quality development of agriculture. Therefore, upholding the concept of high-quality development in agriculture, actively promoting the agglomeration of agricultural productivity development, providing a strong impetus for high-quality agricultural development; at the same time, optimizing the industrial structure to elevate agricultural high-quality development to a higher level.

Crop-livestock integration is a fundamental approach to developing ecological circular agriculture and achieve high-quality agricultural development. Farmers are the main operators and stakeholders of crop-livestock integration, clarifying the core driving force to encourage farmers adopt crop-livestock integration has great significance for formulating effective measures to promote crop-livestock integration. Therefore, this paper selected the dairy cattle family ranch as the research object,based on the measurement of the adoption degree of crop-livestock integration, according to the micro survey data, used the endogenous switching regression (ESR) model to empirically analyze the effects and mechanisms of the adoption degree of crop-livestock integration from the perspectives of market driving and policy constraints. The results showed that： based on the factual hypothesis, market-driven and policy constraints had significantly improved the farmers’ adoption degree of crop-livestock integration, and market-driven had a greater positive impact on the farmers’ adoption degree of crop-livestock integration, which was the core driving force to improve the farmers’ adoption degree of crop-livestock integration,and after the CMP model and winsorization, the conclusions were still valid. Market-driven and policy constraints had aggravated the group differentiation of the farmers’ adoption degree of the crop-livestock integration, and its influence had the characteristics of intergenerational heterogeneity; compared with the young and middle-aged people,market-driven and policy constraints had more obvious promotion effect on the adoption degree of the crop-livestock integration among the middle-aged and elderly farmers. The mechanism test showed that,market-driven and policy constraints could improve crop-livestock integration by influencing farmers’ value cognition, and compared with policy constraints, market-driven had a greater impact on farmers’ value cognition of crop-livestock integration. Therefore, market-driven is the primary factor to stimulate and improve the farmers’ adoption degree of crop-livestock integration. In the promotion of crop-livestock integration, effective market should be combined with proactive government,and improve farmers’ value cognition of the crop-livestock integration,differentiated measures should be taken according to the different population characteristics to promote the openness,transparency of market information, the scientific and rational of agricultural policies.

With the continuous improvement of the national environmental governance system, grassroots e-commerce platforms have provided strong support for the green development of agricultural products. At present, agricultural product e-commerce enterprises face challenges related to product packaging waste disposal and disposable plastic packaging pollution. From the perspective of consumer response, this study explored the process of green logistics on environmental performance, divided green logistics into four dimensions: green transportation, green packaging, green circulation and processing, and green logistics information management, and used AMOS structural equation model to empirically test the mechanism of green logistics on environmental performance. The results showed that: the impact of green logistics on environmental performance of agricultural product e-commerce enterprises was significant, and consumer response played a partial mediating role between green logistics and environmental performance, 4 paths were formed in total, the mediating effect of 4 paths in the total effect accounting for 28.81%, 29.48%, 39.77% and 28.44%, respectively. on the research results, some suggestions were put forward: strengthen the research and development of therefore enhancing green packaging research, continue to encourage green consumption, establish and improve the legal and policy system of green consumption, and implement other measures to achieve the sustainable development goal of “reducing costs and increasing efficiency” of green logistics of agricultural products.