目的 分析温州地区鼻咽癌患者临床特点及PICC置管化疗协同健康教育在鼻咽癌患者中的应用效果。 方法 选择2015年10月至2017年5月温州地区确诊的840例鼻咽癌患者进行研究。统计患者的发病年龄、病理分类及淋巴结转移、鼻部症状、耳部症状等鼻咽癌临床特点。随后,按照随机数表法,随机均分为观察组(n=420)和对照组(n=420)。观察组给予PICC置管化疗协同健康教育,对照组采用浅静脉留置针进行化疗,比较2组患者术后不良并发症的发生情况。 结果 鼻咽癌构成比随着年龄增加逐渐升高,40岁至小于60岁构成比最高为60.59%;鳞状上皮细胞癌755例,泡状核细胞癌26例,未分化癌59例;各类临床症状的发生率依次为颈部淋巴结转移66.07%、鼻部症状56.67%、耳部症状12.02%、头痛30.05%、颅神经损害19.64%、远处转移4.05%;单类症状就诊占42.50%;化疗后,观察组患者不良并发症发生率为5.48%,低于对照组的26.43%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 鼻咽癌以鳞状上皮细胞癌为主且临床特点不典型,易漏诊误诊。经PICC置管化疗,可降低患者不良并发症的发生率,改善患者生存质量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To analyze the clinical features and the application effect of PICC catheter chemotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Wenzhou.Methods Totally 840 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from October 2015 to May 2017 in Wenzhou were selected for the study. The clinical characteristics of the patient's onset age, pathological classification, lymph node metastasis, nasal symptoms and ear symptoms were statistically discussed. Then, according to the random table method, 840 cases patients were randomly divided into the observation group (n=420) and the control group (n=420). The observation group was given PICC catheter for chemotherapy and healthy education, the control group was treated with shallow intravenous indwelling needle for chemotherapy, and the incidence of postoperative adverse complications was recorded in two groups.Results The incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer gradually increased with age and the highest incidence rate was 60.59% for patients aged 40 to under 60 years old. There were 755 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 26 cases of vesicular nucleus carcinoma and 59 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma. The incidence of various clinical symptoms was 66.07% of cervical lymph node metastasis, 56.67% of the nose symptoms, 12.02% of ear symptoms, 30.05% headache, 19.64% cranial nerve injury, and 4.05% distant metastasis. 42.05% cases presented only one symptom when diagnosed. After chemotherapy, the incidence of adverse complications in the observation group was 5.48%, significantly lower than the 26.43% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Squamous cell carcinoma is the main type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the clinical characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are atypical. PICC catheter chemotherapy can reduce the incidence of adverse complications, improve the quality of life of patients, and is worthy of clinical application.