生命早期使用抗生素与儿童哮喘的关联性研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5253.2020.01.00５

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摘要

目的探讨生命早期0～1岁时使用抗生素对6～10岁时儿童发生哮喘的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法，以2015年10月至2018年10月在某院确诊的350例哮喘儿童作为病例组，以同期进行健康体检的350例非哮喘儿童作为对照组。结果生命早期应用抗生素是儿童发生哮喘的危险因素。病例组中哮喘儿童的抗生素使用率为84.3%，对照组为52.0%。χ2检验结果显示当抗生素使用疗程次数大于2次时,或当使用大环内酯类和头孢类的抗生素时，均会明显引起儿童哮喘发病风险增大(P<0.05)。多项分类logistic回归分析结果显示重度和轻度发病相比，抗生素使用疗程次数≥4更容易重度发病OR=3.012，95%CI=1.084～8.370）。中度和轻度发病相比，抗生素使用疗程次数为≥4和3次更容易中度发病（OR=2.813，95%CI=1.358～5.826）和（OR=2.337，95%CI=1.139～4.796）；抗生素类型为大环内酯类更容易中度发病（OR=2.870，95%CI=1.483～5.555）。结论生命早期应用抗生素会增大儿童哮喘发病的风险，且抗生素使用疗程次数、类型与哮喘发病的严重程度具有一定相关性。

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	符灵素
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关键词 ：抗生素, 生命早期, 儿童哮喘, 发病

Abstract：Objective To explore the effect of antibiotics on pediatric asthma (6 to 10 years old) in early life (0 to 1 years old). Methods A retrospective study was conducted. Three hundred and fifty children with asthma in our hospital from October 2015 to October 2018 were selected as the case group, and 350 non-asthmatic children who underwent health examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Results The use of antibiotics in early life was a risk factor for pediatric asthma. The use rate of antibiotics in asthmatic children was 84.3% in the case group and 52.0% in the control group. The χ2 test results showed that when antibiotics were used more than twice, or when macrolides and cephalosporins were used, the risk of pediatric asthma was increased significantly, with P<0.05. The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that, comparisons between severe onset and mild onset, when antibiotics were used four times or more, they were more likely to suffer from severe illness (OR=3.012,95%CI=1.084-8.370).Compared with moderate onset and mild onset, when antibiotics were used four times or more and three times, they were more likely to cause moderate illness(OR=2.813，95%CI=1.358-5.826) and (OR=2.337，95%CI=1.139-4.796). The macrolide type antibiotics was more prone to moderate onset (OR=2.870，95%CI=1.483-5.555). Conclusion The use of antibiotics in early life is a risk factor for increasing the incidence of pediatric asthma. And the number and type of antibiotics used are related to the severity of asthma.

Key words： antibiotic early life pediatric asthma morbidity

收稿日期: 2019-05-20

通讯作者: 符灵素，zhengdj981@sina.com

引用本文:

符灵素,黄迪科,张科云. 生命早期使用抗生素与儿童哮喘的关联性研究[J]. 中国医院统计, 2020, 27(1): 32-35.
Fu Lingsu, Huang Dike,Zhang Keyun. . Research on the correlations between antibiotics use in early life and pediatric asthma. journal1, 2020, 27(1): 32-35.

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