Objective To analyze the risk factors of intravenous infusion in outpatients of a tertiary children′s hospital, and to explore related preventive interventions.Methods From June 2017 to October 2018, 486 children who received intravenous infusion treatment in the infusion room of the tertiary children′s hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Retrospective analysis was carried out on the basic data of the children, the incidence rate of transfusion reaction in the course of intravenous infusion was recorded, and the risk factors of transfusion reaction were discussed.Results In 486 cases, 44 cases of infusion reaction occurred during the infusion, and the incidence rate was 9.1%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that children under 7 years old (OR=1.991), infusion volume over 1 000 ml (OR=1.415), low immune function (OR=4.158), pyrogenic source (OR=1.960), drug irritation strong (OR=1.914), past history of allergic disease (OR=5.778), drug deterioration (OR=1.451), particulate contamination (OR=1.765), and infusion speed too fast (OR=1.634) were risk factors for outpatient intravenous infusion reactions. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The hospital needs to strengthen the health education of the medical staff on the infusion reaction, strictly grasp the precautions and indications of intravenous infusion, and master the treatment methods of infusion reaction to reduce the occurrence of infusion reaction.