Objective By analyzing the disease composition of 3 074 inpatients in the Children's Development Behavior Center in a hospital from 2014 to 2018, we can make people know more about children's growth retardation and developmental disorders, and provide basis for clinical research and disease prevention in the hospital.Methods Excel was used to analyze the medical records of inpatients in the Children's Development Behavior Center of our hospital in the past five years.Results The ratio of male to female children was 6.25 :1. Children with autism accounted for 88.81%, followed by mental retardation（4.46%）, language development disorder（1.11%）. The rank and composition of psychological problems in children of different age groups were different. Conclusion The number of outpatients in children's psychological clinics is increasing year by year, and the characteristics of children's psychological and behavioral problems are different in different age groups. Hospitals and governments at all levels should strengthen the construction of children's developmental behavior centers and train more experts with the ability to diagnose and treat children's developmental retardation and developmental disorders, especially to improve the diagnosis and treatment of children's autism.