2023年美国结肠癌、直肠癌统计数据解读及中国预防管理现状

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5253.2024.03.014

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摘要美国癌症协会每3年对结直肠癌（colorectal cancer ，CRC)统计数据进行一次更新，更新数据来源于美国人口癌症登记处和国家卫生统计中心。其主要内容：①2023年，美国大约153 020人被诊断CRC，52 550人死于该病，其中 50 岁以下人群中有 19 550 例患病和3 750 例死亡；②CRC发病率的下降幅度发生了变化，从2000—2010年的每年3%~4%放缓至2011—2019年的每年1%；③直肠癌的比例从 1995 年的 27%上升到 2019 年的 31%，且CRC发病正在向左结肠转移；④从2011年到2020年，CRC死亡率总体每年下降2%，但50岁以下人群和65岁以下美国原住民的CRC死亡率每年上升0.5%~3.0%。总之，尽管CRC总体死亡率持续下降，但CRC正迅速向更年轻、更晚期以及左半结肠/直肠发展。本文对美国CRC更新数据的重要内容进行整理并加以简要解读，同时结合我国CRC发病现状，分析CRC发病率变化的病因，为CRC诊疗提供参考。

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	苏国强
	周鑫
	吕游

关键词 ：结肠肿瘤, 直肠肿瘤, 早期结直肠癌, 流行病学, 筛查

Abstract：Colorectal Cancer (CRC) statistics are updated by American Cancer Society every 3 years based on morbidity provided by the population cancer registry and mortality provided by the National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, about 153 020 people will be diagnosed with CRC and 52 550 will die from the disease, including 19 550 cases and 3 750 deaths among people under 50 years old. The magnitude of the decline in CRC incidence has changed, from 3%4% per year in 20002010 to 1% per year in 20112019. The proportion of rectal cancer increased from 27% in 1995 to 31% in 2019, and CRC incidence was migrating to the left colon. From 2011 to 2020, CRC mortality overall decreased by 2% per year, but CRC mortality increased by 0.5%3.0% per year in the native Americans under 50 years old and under 65 years old. In summary, despite the continual decline in overall mortality, CRC is rapidly shifting towards younger, more advanced stages and development in the left colon/rectum. In this paper, the important contents of the updated data are sorted out and briefly interpreted. At the same time, compared with the present situation of CRC in our country, we can reveal and analyze the cause of the rising incidence of CRC to provide reference for CRC diagnosis and treatment.

Key words： colon cancer rectal cancer early colorectal cancer epidemiology screening

收稿日期: 2023-09-13

基金资助:国家自然科学基金（No.81970462）

通讯作者: 苏国强，Suguoqiang66@163.com

引用本文:

苏国强，周鑫，吕游 . 2023年美国结肠癌、直肠癌统计数据解读及中国预防管理现状[J]. 中国医院统计, 2024, 31(3): 230-235.
Su Guoqiang, Zhou Xin, Lü You. Interpretation of colon cancer and rectal cancer statistics in the United States in 2023 and current status of preventive management in China. journal1, 2024, 31(3): 230-235.

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