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Abstract Objective To investigate the streptococcus B infection in women with premature rupture of term membranes and the effect of vaginal microbiome disorders on maternal and infant outcomes, and to provide basis for clinical treatment and prevention.Methods Eightyfour pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research group, and 84 cases of pregnant women without premature rupture of membranes at full term were selected as the control group during the same period. The streptococcus B carriers and vaginal microflora in the lower reproductive tract of the two groups of pregnant women were observed and compared, and their effects on maternal and infant outcomes were summarized.Results The rate of group B streptococcus in the pregnant women in the study group was 19.05%, the proportion of pregnant women′s vaginal PH value > 4.5 was 60.71%, and the incidence rate of vaginal microflora disorder was 84.52%, which were all higher than those of the control group (3.57%, 35.71%, 55.95%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.924, 12.037, and 18.271, P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of bacterial vaginitis, candida vulvovaginitis and vaginal cleanliness (P>0.05). The infection rate of group B streptococcus positive was 31.25%, the incidence of chorioamnionitis was 31.25%, the incidence of fetal distress was 37.50%, and the incidence of neonatal pneumonia was 31.25%, higher than those of group B streptococcus negative 7.35%, 7.35%, 7.35%, and 4.41%, so there was statistically significant difference (χ2=8.366,11.177, 12.215, 8.333, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of puerperal infection rate, chorionic amnionitis, fetal distress and neonatal pneumonia between the pregnant women with microbiome disorder and the normal ones (P>0.05). Conclusion Group B streptococcus bacteria in pregnant women with premature rupture of term membranes had a negative effect on maternal and infant outcomes, while the disorder of vaginal microflora had no significant effect on maternal and infant outcomes. Therefore, clinical attention should be paid to the situation of group B streptococcus bacteria in pregnant women.
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