|
|
Change of TNF-α in the spinal cord of SOD1-G93A transgenic mice |
HAN Xiaofeng, QI Yuying, WANG Yuan, MA Wenbin, WANG Xuezhen |
Department of Neurology,Binzhou Medical University Hospital,Binzhou 256603,P.R.China |
|
|
Abstract Objective To observe the change of TNF-α in the lumbar and thoracic spinal cord of SOD1-G93A transgenic mice at different stages and discuss the relationship between and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Methods The level of TNF-α and TNF-α mRNA was analyzed by ELISA and RT-PCR at presymptomatic,symptomatic and end stages of SODl-G93A transgenic mice.Results Increasing TNF-α and TNF-α mRNA appeared at presymptomatic stage in the lumbar and thoracic spinal cord of SODl-G93A transgenic mice,and became obvious at symptomatic stage and reached the maximum at end stage.Conclusion TNF-α proliferates markedly with the progression symptom of SODl-G93A transgenic mice.TNF-α mediated neuroinfalammation, play an important role in the pathophysiology of ALS.
|
Received: 07 June 2017
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Clark I A. How TNF was recognized as a key mechanism of disease[J].Cytokine Growth Factor Rev,2007,18(3-4):335-343. [2] Montgomery S L,Bowers W J. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the roles it plays in homeostatic and degenerative processes within the central nervous system[J].J Neuroimmune Pharmacol,2012,7(1):42-59. [3] Pettigrew LC,Kryscio R J,Norris C M.The TNF-α Transgenic Rat: Hippocampal Synaptic Integrity,Cognition,Function,and Post-Ischemic Cell Loss[J].PLoS One,2016,11(5):e0154721. [4] Habbas S,Santello M,Becker D,et al.Neuroinflammatory TNF-α Impairs Memory via Astrocyte Signaling[J].Cell,2015,163(7):1730-1741. [5] Krueger J M.The role of cytokines in sleep regulation[J].Curr Pharm Des,2008,14(32):3408-3416. [6] Plata-Salamán C R.Cytokines and feeding[J].Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord,2001,25 (Suppl 5):S48-52. [7] Goodman J C,Robertson C S,Grossman R G,et al.Elevation of tumor necrosis factor in head injury[J].J Neuroimmunol,1990, 30(2-3):213-217. [8] Wytrykowska A,Prosba-Mackiewicz M,Nyka W M. IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-6 levels in gingival fluid and serum of patients with ischemic stroke[J].J Oral Sci,2016,58(4):509-513. [9] Decourt B,Lahiri D K,Sabbagh M N.Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha for Alzheimer's Disease[J].Curr Alzheimer Res, 2017,14(4):412-425. [10] Carta A R,Frau L,Pisanu A,et al.Rosiglitazone decreases peroxisome proliferator receptor-γ levels in microglia and inhibits TNF-α production:new evidences on neuroprotection in a progressive Parkinson's disease model[J].Neuroscience,2011,194(1):250-261. [11] Rieckmann P,Albrecht M,Kitze B,et al.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA expression in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is associated with disease activity[J].Ann Neurol,1995,37(1):82-88. [12] Babu G N,Kumar A,Chandra R,et al.Elevated inflammatory markers in a group of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients from northern India[J].Neurochem Res,2008,33(6):1145-1149. [13] Brohawn D G,O'Brien L C,Bennett J P Jr.RNAseq Analyses Identify Tumor Necrosis Factor-Mediated Inflammation as a Major Abnormality in ALS Spinal Cord[J].PLoS One,2016, 11(8):e0160520. [14] Frankola K A ,Greig N H,Luo W,et al.Targeting TNF-α to elucidate and ameliorate neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases[J].CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets,2011,10(3):391-403. [15] Stommel E W,van Hoff R M,Graber D J,et al.Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces changes in mitochondrial cellular distribution in motor neurons[J].Neuroscience,2007,146(3):1013-1019. [16] Ferri A,Nencini M,Cozzolino M,et al. Inflammatory cytokines increase mitochondrial damage in motoneuronal cells expressing mutant SOD1[J].Neurobiol Dis,2008,32(3):454-460. [17] Furukawa T,Matsui N,Fujita K,et al.Increased proinflammatory cytokines in sera of patients with multifocal motor neuropathy[H].J Neurol Sci,2014,346(1-2):75-79. [18] Stommel E W,Cohen J A,Fadul C E,et al.Efficacy of thalidomide for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a phase II open label clinical trial[J].Amyotroph Lateral Scler,2009,10(5-6):393-404. |
|
|
|